The Difference Between Eczema and Psoriasis: A Simple Breakdown

Eczema and psoriasis are two common skin conditions that can look and feel very similar — both cause red, itchy, irritated skin, and both can be long-lasting. Yet despite their similarities, they are very different in terms of what causes them, how they behave, and how they’re treated.

If you’ve ever wondered whether you or a loved one might have eczema or psoriasis — or if you’ve been told you have one but are not sure what that really means — this guide breaks it down simply and clearly.

What Is Eczema?

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic condition that causes dry, itchy, inflamed skin. It’s often linked to allergies, asthma, and hay fever, and it tends to run in families.

It usually starts in childhood but can continue or appear later in life. Common triggers include:

• Harsh soaps and detergents
• Cold weather
• Stress
• Allergens (like dust mites or pet dander)
• Wearing wool or synthetic fabrics

What it looks like: Eczema often appears as red, dry patches that may be rough or cracked. In children, it often shows up in the creases of the elbows and knees; in adults, it can affect the hands, neck, or face. It can sometimes ooze or become infected if scratched too much.

What Is Psoriasis?

Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition, which means the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells. This speeds up skin cell production, causing a build-up of thick, scaly patches.

Unlike eczema, psoriasis is less about allergies and more about immune system overactivity.

What it looks like: Psoriasis often appears as well-defined, raised plaques with silvery-white scales, commonly on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back. The skin underneath can be red and inflamed, and it may crack and bleed.

Key Differences at a Glance

How Are They Treated?

Eczema treatments include:

• Emollients (moisturisers) to hydrate the skin
• Topical steroids for flare-ups
• Antihistamines for itching
• Avoiding triggers like allergens and irritants

Psoriasis treatments include:

• Topical treatments like vitamin D analogues or coal tar
• Stronger steroid creams
• Phototherapy (light treatment)
• Immune-modulating medications for severe cases

When to See a Healthcare Professional

Both eczema and psoriasis can be managed effectively, but they often need professional support — especially during flare-ups. If over-the-counter products aren’t helping, or your skin is affecting your quality of life, speak to your pharmacist, GP, or a dermatologist.

Getting the right diagnosis is the first step toward finding the right treatment.

In Summary

While eczema and psoriasis may seem alike, they have different causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches. Eczema is usually driven by allergies and skin barrier issues, while psoriasis is an immune-related condition causing thick, scaly skin. Both can be managed with the right support — and no one should suffer in silence.

Clearer skin starts with clearer understanding.